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SURAH LUQMAN

SURAH 31 * LUQMAN

THIS SURAH OPENS WITH A REFERENCE to the righteous and the rewards awaiting them which is followed by an allusion to the mischief and their evil designs against Islam.

The surah elaborates further on the reward awaiting the righteous. It says: “Those that have faith and do good works shall enter the gardens of delight, where they shall dwell forever. God’s promise shall be fulfilled; He is the Almighty, the Wise” (8-9)

The surah derives its title from a sage mentioned by name in verse 12 : We learn that when Prophet Muhammad was asked about Luqman he gave the Arabs of Makkah an account of a set of succinct but powerful instructions Luqman had given his son, which are rich in wisdom and sensible advice.

Luqman’s advice to his son begins thus: “My son, serve no other deity besides God, or polytheism (Arabic: shirk) is a grave transgression.” This is followed by a bidding to be kind to one’s parents who are, apart from God, immediately responsible for one’s existence. The advice continues: “My son, observe the prayer, enjoin what is good and forbid what is evil . Endure with fortitude whatever befalls you. That is a duty incumbent on all. And turn not your cheek away from people in (false) pride, and walk not haughtily on earth: for behold, God does not love anyone who, out of self-conceit, acts in a boastful manner.” (17 – 18)

It closes with the statement: “Be modest in your bearing and lower your voice: the harshest of voices is the braying of the ass” (19). The testament is a wonderful collection of profound wisdom and high religious and moral principles, which people of all generations ought to learn and observe.

ILMU PALING TINGGI

Imam Ghazali berkata, "Hati memerlukan ilmu dan hikmat agar dengannya nafsu syahwat dan marah dapat dikekang untuk melaksanakan perkara-perkara yang bermanfaat sahaja."

Maksud Hikmat: Imam Malik berpendapat, hikmat adahlah sunah dan kefahaman yang mendalam berkenaan agama Allah. Imam Mujahid mentafsirkannya sebagai ilmu, kefahaman serta Quran. Mengikut satu lagi pendapat dari Imam Mujahid, hikmat bermaksud percakapan yang benar.

Imam Ghazali berkata: "Ilmu yang paling mulia ialah ilmu tentang Allah serta keagungannya. Penguasaan ilmu ini dan keyakinan yang lahir daripadanya berbeza antara seorang dengan seorang yang lain. Di peringkat awal, ilmu ini di peroleh berdasarkan usaha dan kesungguhan sehingga seseorang mengenali sifat-sifat yang wajib, mustahil serta harus bagi Allah. Di tahap yang paling tinggi, ilmu dan keyakinan terhadap Allah terhasil berdasadarkan penglihatan mata hati yang di kurniakan oleh Allah."

Mereka yang tidak mengenali Allah akan mewarisi penyakit sombong dan takbur yang membinasakan.